Changes at the edges of HIC cities
The areas where the green fields and open spaces of the countryside meet the built-up parts of the towns and cities is known as either the rural-urban fringe or the urban fringe. Here countryside is being lose by the outward growth of towns and cities, particularly their suburbs. The greenfield sites of the open land around the edge of a city are in great demand for housing, industry, shopping, recreation and the needs of the public utilities, such as reservoirs and sewerage works.

Housing is old, congested and relatively expensive.
There is a lot of pollution, including sound pollution
Shortage of land for industrial buildings, and when there is land it is costly.

These are push factors, there are also pull factors.

Land is cheaper, so houses are larger.
Factories can be bigger, and there is plenty of room to park cars.
With cars there still easy to get to.

Retail Parks
In HIC's there has been a large amount of Out-Of-Town retailing, with large 'Superstores', these are located just beyond the urban fringe. Often due to good roads, people from other towns will visit a store on another towns fringe, since its so easy to get there.

Industrial states
With purpose built roads and large amounts of land these are very useful for the industrial business.

Case Study: Southampton 

Southampton is a cite with almost 200,000 population, since the end of WW2 the growth of the built up area has been restrained by the green belt, a tract of land were development was prohibited. Due to the port the economic production prospered, attracting workers to the area, however due to the green belt there was no where to build houses for the incoming workers. Instead housing was built on the other side of the green belt in Totton.

Brown and green field sites.

Brownfield site:In the urban planning jargon of the United States, a brownfield site is land previously used for industrial purposes or some commercial uses. The land may be contaminated by low concentrations of hazardous waste or pollution, and has the potential to be reused once it is cleaned up.
Greenfield site: Greenfield land is undeveloped land in a city or rural area either used for agriculture, landscape design, or left to naturally evolve. These areas of land are usually agricultural or amenity properties being considered for urban development.