Coastal Erosion

There are four forms of coastal erosion, which can be put into the term C.A.S.H, which stands for Corrosion, Attrition, Solution and Hydraulic action.

Caves, arches, stacks and stumps also form on the sides of headlands as a result of destructive waves. Any of the faults in the cliff are particularly weakened and diminished by hydraulic action and abrasion.  This can lead the the opening of a cave, and if it is enlarged enough to reach the other side of the/a headland it can cause a arch. If continued the arch will eventually collapse creating a stack, and when that gets eroded there is eventually a stump.